Comparison of Aerosol Delivery Methods in Mechanically Ventilated Patients: Evaluating Differences in Drug Deposition, Patient Outcomes, and Side Effects

Authors: Salem A. Alshahrani, Tareq O. Alshehri

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13254187

Short DOI: https://doi.org/gt6h2m

Country: Saudi Arabia

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Abstract: Background: Aerosol delivery methods vary in effectiveness and patient tolerance, particularly in mechanically ventilated patients. This study aims to compare Metered-Dose Inhalers (MDIs) with spacers, nebulizers, and Dry Powder Inhalers (DPIs) in terms of drug deposition, pulmonary function improvement, patient outcomes, and side effects.

Methods: A mixed-methods approach was used, combining quantitative analysis of drug deposition, pulmonary function tests (PFTs), patient outcome scores, and side effect reporting with qualitative interviews from patients and clinicians. Data were collected from a sample of 120 mechanically ventilated patients across three hospitals.

Results: Nebulizers demonstrated the highest mean drug deposition (45.8%) and pulmonary function improvement (22.3% change in FEV1), followed by MDIs with spacers (30.2% deposition, 15.5% improvement) and DPIs (25.0% deposition, 12.4% improvement). Nebulizers also had the highest patient outcome score (8.1), though with a higher incidence of side effects (22%). MDIs and DPIs had lower side effect rates (18% and 10%, respectively) and were preferred for their ease of use and quicker treatment times, despite lower efficacy.

Conclusion: Nebulizers are more effective in delivering medication and improving pulmonary function but are associated with higher side effects. MDIs and DPIs, while less effective, offer benefits in terms of side effect profiles and patient convenience. Clinicians should weigh these factors when choosing aerosol delivery methods for mechanically ventilated patients.

Keywords: Aerosol Delivery, Mechanically Ventilated Patients, Nebulizers, Metered-Dose Inhalers, Dry Powder Inhalers, Drug Deposition, Pulmonary Function, Patient Outcomes, Side Effects

Paper Id: 230831

Published On: 2022-07-05

Published In: Volume 10, Issue 4, July-August 2022

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