Thermodynamic Optimization and Emission Control in Internal Combustion Engines for Automotive Applications

Authors: Saahil

DOI: https://doi.org/10.37082/IJIRMPS.v12.i6.232985

Short DOI: https://doi.org/

Country: India

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Abstract: This article consolidates a constraint-governed framework for advancing internal combustion engine efficiency while suppressing regulated pollutants under contemporary Euro 6 and BS-VI style conformity logics. It conceptualizes the ICE as a tightly coupled cyber-physical energy conversion architecture in which exergy destruction, finite-rate chemical kinetics, turbulence-chemistry interaction, and gas-exchange dynamics co-determine the feasible Pareto frontier across efficiency, NOx, PM, PN, CO, and HC. Advanced combustion regimes, including homogeneous charge compression ignition, reactivity controlled compression ignition, and lean or high-dilution strategies, are treated as distinct thermochemical manifolds bounded by pressure-rise-rate ceilings, cyclic variability, low-temperature oxidation saturation, and transient operability limits. Variable valve timing-lift authority, boosted downsizing, and architected EGR loops are synthesized as enabling control surfaces that expand feasible regions through effective compression modulation, residual governance, charge-motion engineering, and thermal-enthalpy management. The article further integrates low-carbon fuels and synthetic e-fuels as chemical boundary-condition modifiers that reshape knock propensity, ignition delay, soot precursor formation, and aftertreatment readiness. It concludes with a constraint-first decision doctrine emphasizing predictive control, observability, durability drift management, and fuel-flexible calibration as prerequisites for globally deployable, compliance-resilient ICE platforms.

Keywords: Internal Combustion Engine Efficiency, Emission Reduction Technologies, Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition, Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition, Lean Burn Combustion, Variable Valve Timing, Turbocharging and Downsizing.

Paper Id: 232985

Published On: 2024-11-06

Published In: Volume 12, Issue 6, November-December 2024

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