GreenCI: Carbon-Aware Continuous Integration and Delivery for Enterprise Salesforce Platforms

Authors: Lalith Chandra Bandaru

DOI: https://doi.org/10.37082/IJIRMPS.v13.i3.233154

Short DOI: https://doi.org/hb7n97

Country: United States

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Abstract: Software development and deployment operations contribute a measurable and growing fraction of the technology sector's carbon footprint, yet the tooling and governance frameworks that guide enterprise DevOps practice have historically been designed without carbon efficiency as a design objective. Continuous integration and continuous delivery pipelines, which may execute thousands of times per day across an enterprise, consume compute resources through runner infrastructure, test execution, build artefact generation, and multi-environment deployment operations in patterns that can be substantially optimised for carbon efficiency without degrading development velocity or deployment reliability. We introduce GreenCI, a carbon-aware CI/CD framework for enterprise Salesforce platform deployments that integrates six carbon reduction mechanisms into the deployment pipeline: a carbon-aware scheduler that defers non-urgent pipeline executions to low-carbon electricity grid windows; a cloud region router that assigns pipeline workloads to the lowest-carbon available region with sufficient capacity; an idle runner terminator that reclaims compute resources within a 90-second inactivity window; an intelligent test suite optimiser that runs only tests affected by each change; a build artefact deduplication cache that eliminates redundant computation across pipeline runs; and a comprehensive carbon ledger providing Scope 3 emissions measurement and reporting for all pipeline operations. Evaluated across eleven enterprise Salesforce deployments over fourteen months, GreenCI achieved a 74% reduction in carbon intensity per deployment (from 4,820 to 1,240 gCO₂eq), increased renewable energy fraction from 38% to 84%, and reduced monthly pipeline carbon emissions from 1,840 to 478 kgCO₂eq, while maintaining the deployment frequency and reliability improvements established by prior automation work [3][12]. GreenCI builds on the zero-trust access control model established in earlier work, ensuring that carbon-aware scheduling decisions operate within the access boundaries ZTAM-SF defines for CI/CD infrastructure. The framework produces audit-grade Scope 3 emissions records compatible with GHG Protocol requirements.

Keywords: green software engineering, carbon-aware computing, CI/CD, Salesforce, Scope 3 emissions, GHG Protocol, carbon intensity, renewable energy, test optimisation, sustainable DevOps.

Paper Id: 233154

Published On: 2025-05-27

Published In: Volume 13, Issue 3, May-June 2025

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